Stem cell therapy
stem cell therapy It is therapy using the patient's own cells or cells from a donor. To solve disease problems and relieve illness symptoms

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What are stem cells?
Stem cells are a special type of cell in the human body. that can develop into different types of cells in the body, from muscle cells to brain cells In some cases, stem cells can also correct problems in damaged body tissue. Researchers believe that stem cell therapy could be used to treat serious diseases such as paralysis and Alzheimer's.

 

Types of stem cells
Stem cells are divided into two main types.
1. “pluripotent”  (human embryonic stem cells)
2. Adult stem cells (stem cells collected from adult tissues)

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Stem cells, also called pluripotents, can divide into almost any type of cell. Including adult body cells.  Adult stem cells are found in tissues or organs. Can divide into different types of cells in the tissues of that organ. Obtaining Embryonic Stem Cells The embryonic stem cells used in current research come from unused embryos. They are the result of an in vitro fertilization procedure. They donate it to scientists. These embryonic stem cells have many potentials. This means that they can become more than one type of cell.

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Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are found in many organs and tissues. and specific anatomical tissues such as the brain, skin, and bone marrow, there are only a small number of stem cells in these tissues. It acts as an internal repair system that creates replacement cells that are lost from normal wear and tear of the body. But in an injury or disease These stem cells may not divide until they are stimulated by the large demand for tissue healing and repair.

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What are the unique properties of stem cells?
Stem cells have the ability to regenerate themselves. which is different from muscle cells blood cells or nerve cells that will not reproduce Stem cells may replicate many times. When stem cells divide, the result is two daughter cells.
1) Daughter cells are both stem cells.
2) Daughter cells are the parent cells and other cells.
3) Daughter cells are both other cells.

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Stem cells have the ability to create tissues with new functions.
Pluripotent stem cells are undifferentiated. They lack specific tissue characteristics that enable them to perform specialized functions. But they are the reason that causes the differentiation of cells in the body, such as heart muscle cells. blood cells and nerve cells But on the other hand Adult stem cells differentiate to produce only specialized cell types of the tissue or organ in which they reside.

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How do stem cells grow in the lab?
Cells that grow in the lab are called "Cell Culture" Stem cells can multiply in a laboratory environment in a petri dish containing nutrients called growth medium. (which is appropriate for the growth of different types of stem cells) Most stem cells divide. and spread over the surface of the dish.

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How are stem cells used in biomedical research and therapy?
cell therapy
An important potential application is the generation of cells and tissues for therapy. Also known as cell formation. It is the creation of more transplantable tissue and organs than the available amount. Stem cells are a possible source of alternative energy. Normally, there are very few adult stem cells in each tissue. and when removed from the body The ability of stem cells to divide is limited. This makes it difficult to create large quantities of adult stem cells for treatment. On the other hand, pluripotent stem cells also have limitations in causing cell regeneration.